Thursday, May 25, 2017

New Linux Samba vulnerability and fix

A new vulnerability was found in Linux Samba from version 3.5 and above. Details here:

https://www.samba.org/samba/security/CVE-2017-7494.html

The workaround is easy and is contained in the link above:

in your /etc/samba/smb.conf file, add the following in the [global] section:

nt pipe support = no


Then restart smbd with 'service smb restart'

Monday, April 24, 2017

BMXAA7025E and BMXAA8313E Errors running MAXINST on ICD 7.6

I wanted to install the demo data that's provided with ICD 76 by basically following the instructions found here:

https://www.ibm.com/developerworks/community/wikis/home?lang=en#!/wiki/Anything%20about%20Tivoli/page/To%20load%20the%20sample%20DB2%20database%20after%20Control%20Desk%207.6%20installed

But I didn't find those steps before I started, so I took my own path.

Specifically, I didn't drop the database, and that meant that I encountered errors BMXAA7025E and BMXAA8313E when running the 'maxinst.sh' script. What I found is that the cleandb operation doesn't really delete all of the tables and views in the MAXIMO schema (I'm on DB2/WebSphere/RHEL 6.5), so when maxinst gets to running the files under:

/opt/IBM/SMP/maximo/tools/maximo/en/dis_cms

It fails because a few of these SQL files try to create tables and views that still exist. I found this link about the problem:

https://www-01.ibm.com/support/docview.wss?uid=swg21647350

But I didn't like it because it tells you to re-create the database. So with a little digging, I found that after I hit the error, I could run the following db2 commands to delete all of the tables and views that were not automatically deleted:


db2 connect to maxdb76 user maximo using passw0rd
db2 DROP TABLE ALIASES
db2 DROP TABLE ATTRIBUTE_TYPES
db2 DROP TABLE BNDLVALS
db2 DROP TABLE BUNDLENM
db2 DROP TABLE CDM_VERSION
db2 DROP TABLE CHANGE_EVENTS
db2 DROP TABLE CLASS_TYPES
db2 DROP TABLE CMSTREE
db2 DROP TABLE CMSTREES
db2 DROP TABLE DESIRED_SUPPORTED_ATTRS
db2 DROP TABLE DESIRED_SUPPORTED_MAP
db2 DROP TABLE ENUMERATIONS
db2 DROP TABLE FTEXPRSN
db2 DROP TABLE FTVALUES
db2 DROP TABLE INTERFACE_TYPES
db2 DROP TABLE LAPARAMS
db2 DROP TABLE LCHENTR
db2 DROP TABLE LCHENTRY
db2 DROP TABLE ME_ATTRIBUTES
db2 DROP TABLE METADATA_ASSN
db2 DROP TABLE MSS
db2 DROP TABLE MSS_ME
db2 DROP TABLE MSS_RELATIONSHIPS
db2 DROP TABLE NAMING_IDENTIFIERS
db2 DROP TABLE NAMING_POLICIES
db2 DROP TABLE NAMING_RULES
db2 DROP TABLE RELATIONSHIPS
db2 DROP TABLE RELATIONSHIP_TYPES
db2 DROP TABLE SBSTVALS
db2 DROP TABLE SUPERIORS
db2 DROP TABLE VALID_REL_TYPES
db2 DROP VIEW ATTR_PRIORITIES
db2 commit

And then I could re-run the maxinst.sh script and it worked like a champ. Please feel free to use my super secure password for yourself.

Monday, April 3, 2017

DevOps: Operations Can't Fail

Agile and DevOps are all about "Fail Fast", which is fine for developers, but absolutely unacceptable for Operations.

For a recent example, just look at the recent AWS outage:

http://www.recode.net/2017/3/2/14792636/amazon-aws-internet-outage-cause-human-error-incorrect-command

That was caused by someone debugging an application. None of us want our Operations department to be in that position, but it can obviously happen. I think there are one or more reasons behind why it happened, and I've got some opinions on how we need to work to ensure it doesn't happen to us:

Problem: Developers think Operations is easy

Absolutely everything labeled "DevOps" is aimed at allowing Development to do just enough "operations" to get by. But we in Operations know that it takes a lot more: Change and Configuration Management, Event Management, Business Service Modeling, and the list goes on and on. Individual Development teams don't necessarily understand these practices outside of their own application.

One Solution: We need to learn about "the new stuff"

The only way we'll be invited to the table to talk to development teams is to learn about the tools they're using (Jira, Puppet/Chef, Kubernetes, Docker, etc.). This will allow us to use a similar vocabulary when meeting with them. Without this basic knowledge, they simply won't invite us to any of their discussions.

Problem: Developers think Operations is unnecessary

Individual Development teams often don't see why the Operations department even exists. They have their tools that allow them to consistently deploy their application, so why does Operations need to be involved. They don't understand that any one of their 20-or-so "incidental" microservices may actually be absolutely critical to some other application in the environment.

One Solution: After learning the new stuff, ask to be involved

The Operations Manager needs to get involved with the Development teams. She needs to give Development teams some type of framework or process or SOMETHING that makes their application's metrics and availability visible to the Enterprise. This will allow ALL involved parties to understand the situation when there is an outage.

A great graphic from Ingo Averdunk at IBM


The parts in light blue (Logging, Monitoring, Event Mgmt, Notification, Runbook Automation, ChatOps and Root Cause Analysis) are those components that need to be standardized across all applications. If your Operations team isn't meeting with Development, you won't get to explain the need for the standard suite of tools.

There are other problems and other solutions

This post is meant to help Operations in a sea of DevOps information that is aimed only at Development, in the hope that we can reign things in and continue to ensure that the entire enterprise is healthy and available.

Friday, March 31, 2017

DevOps: The functions that must be standardized among different applications

DevOps appears to be here to stay, so from an Operations perspective, we need to ensure that all of the Development teams are playing together nicely and following some common rules.

Why?

I just realized that many Dev teams don't fully understand the need for Ops when they're implementing DevOps. Here are the foundational reason, IMO, behind the need for Operations:

Business Continuity

In many enterprises, applications never die, and customers continue to need support long after the original application development team has moved on. If applications don't follow some basic standard practices, they can easily be forgotten by the people who need to support them - Operations. Developers want to move on to the next new thing, which is great for Dev, but horrible for Ops. There are numerous classifications of applications that can't simply change on a whim due to factors such as regulatory control. Regulations affect a truly stunning number of companies, from utilities to taxis to manufacturing. Unless Dev is going to take responsibility for the support of their application over its entire lifespan (which can be 5 to even 20 years), Operations needs to be involved.

Integration With Other Applications

Applications need to talk to one another at some point. And when those connections fail, all involved application teams usually point fingers at one another. To minimize this finger-pointing, all applications should adhere to some common standards, several categories of which are found below. Even if all Development teams coordinate tightly in your company, there are still MANY external applications being used that need to be supported (e.g. WebSphere, Oracle, etc.). And the management of these applications needs to be coordinated with the in-house applications being built. Operations provides this management and coordination.

Logging

Application logging should be somewhat standardized to allow the log data to be collected and parsed for important information. This doesn't mean they all need to log in exactly the same format, but they should all adhere to some best practices, such as:

Every log entry should have a timestamp and a unique identifier (such as transaction ID)
Logs should be human readable
Identify the source of the message
Avoid multi-line messages if possible
Use name-value pairs (possibly log in JSON format)

Monitoring

Applications NEED to be monitored at very least for performance (response time) and availability (up/down). Ideally you want to have data collectors at each tier of a multi-tiered application to give you transaction topology and detailed monitoring data, but this can come later. At a bare minimum, all applications need to be monitored using some type of synthetic transactions, which run dummy/non-"real" transactions through the system to gather constant performance and availability metrics.

Event Management

While many applications log information, there are parts of the infrastructure that can only send "events" to some remote destination. The most common types of events are "SNMP traps" (SNMP=Simple Network Management Protocol), which are generated by network equipment such as routers and switches. A cohesive management strategy by operations needs to manage information in log files and events to allow for correlation between and among different systems. For example, a JDBC call from an application may fail, but the application itself doesn't know if this is a failure of the database itself, the network infrastructure or possibly even DNS misconfiguration. The event management function of the Operations group works on identifying these relationships in order to help perform Root Cause Analysis of incidents. This decreases the amount of resources required to resolve an issue.

Notification

Who needs to be notified when "something" goes wrong? Do you want every application team to receive an emergency text in the middle of the night for every problem? Probably not. The Operations team is usually responsible for sending (and, more importantly, suppressing) the appropriate notifications. This is tightly related to Event Management and Root Cause Analysis.

Runbook Automation

Anyone who is responsible for handling a ticket needs to have some idea of what to do. Runbooks are sequences of steps an operator can run to gather more information and/or resolve an issue. Runbooks need to be maintained to ensure that they're valid and up-to-date. Application teams often don't have all of the experience needed to create comprehensive runbooks. They are created over time by the Operations staff, who are constantly handling issues.

Authentication

In an enterprise, the ideal situation is that each user has ONE userid and password (or certificate, etc.) that they use to authenticate to all applications. This authentication storage mechanism needs to be maintained. This is another function provided by Operations.

Conclusion

DevOps is currently a very popular methodology, and it serves its purpose very well. It allows Development teams to continuously deploy applications to provide better business value. Operations is still required to perform quite a few functions that simply aren't in the purview of Development.

Monday, March 20, 2017

Come by booth 568 at #IBMInterConnect to demystify DevOps from an Operations perspective

There is a LOT of chatter about DevOps, but all of it seems to leave Operations almost completely out of the picture. Come to our booth to get our take on DevOps including:

- DevOps tries to encourage Development to do *some* amount of automation and monitoring.

- Your Operations department needs to provide Dev teams with policies for integrating their apps into your monitoring​ and event management system.

- Your Operations department needs to learn a little about software development so you can help educate your Enterprise on exactly how DevOps can fit into your environment.

- Your Operations department needs to learn enough about Agile (specifically Scrum and Kanban) to participate in relevant conversations when the topics arise.

- and more.

Saturday, March 18, 2017

Thursday, February 23, 2017

Visit us at booth 568 at IBM InterConnect March 19-23 in Las Vegas

Get out to IBM InterConnect 2017!

Stop by booth S568 in the Hybrid Cloud area to talk to us about:

- Our recent and historical successes helping customers like you deploy IBM products.

- IBM's comprehensive suite of ITSM tools, including Netcool, IBM Control Desk, IBM Performance Management, and TADDM.

- How you can effectively use an Agile methodology in your journey to realizing DevOps.

- Different strategies for effective deployments.

- Effectively consolidating and integrating your existing toolsets to your best advantage.

and many more topics!